Gallium nitride and its related compounds allow the fabrication of efficient light emitters and lasers ranging from red to yellow and green to blue in a single material system. This book describes the physical concept and basic manufacturing technology of these blue-light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. The technology opens commercial applications for semiconductors, comprising displays, road and railway signaling, lighting, scanners, and optical-data storage.
Mechanics in this context embraces statics and dynamics. This is a unified approach to teaching the basic mechanical-engineering disciplines of mechanics, mechanics of solids, and thermofluid mechanics for students at foundation and first-year levels. Contents include problem solving and basics; motion of bodies; Newton's laws, impulse, and momentum; statics; work energy and power; dry friction; vibrations and simple harmonic motion; stresses and strains; loading of beams; stresses in beam shafts; thermofluid situations; properties of fluids; ideal flow; flow with friction; and basic heat transfer.
This is a framework for the nonlinear analysis and control of intelligent machines, such as robot arms and mechanical hands. The book clarifies the physical and mathematical principles underlying the dynamics of nonlinear mechanical systems and deals with the design of controllers that enable sophisticated tasks to be executed. The nonlinear position-dependent-circuit concept is explained as well as passivity analysis as a generalization of the impedance concept.
A detailed evaluation is provided for the most common versions of variable-frequency drives (VFDs), with example application scenarios for ac motors. Current trends in addressing harmonic problems created by VFDs are described along with the use of IGBT technology. The book includes an overview of starting controls and their application to induction motors. It explains some of the latest electronic smart-motor controllers. A section describes the attributes and capabilities of the wound-rotor motor and how to configure a basic control system for it. A basis is given to compare motor torque and operating characteristics using "starters." Other topics include sizing and applying VFDs, controlling enclosure heat, and energy-saving opportunities.
Written for use at the graduate level, this is an introduction to the current mathematical theory used to analyze numerical methods for solving integral equations, including Abel, Fredholm, Volterra, Cauchy singular, hypersingular, and boundary-integral. The book gives an account of the effect numerical-integration errors have on projection algorithms for integral and boundary-integral equations. It develops the method of fundamental solutions as a discrete projection method. Chapters on functional and numerical analysis develop the basic tools necessary to understand the results of subsequent research levels. Results of numerical integration on efficient global methods are included, along with unpublished convergence results.
Thermodynamic tables for 25 substances, including water, various refrigerants, cryogenic fluids, and hydrocarbons, are provided. Numerical values are given for equations of state constants and virial coefficients. Ideal-gas tables include thermochemical properties and equilibrium constants. Featuring English and SI units, this paperback book/disk set includes new substances, such as the latest refrigerants and fuels. Combinations of properties can be used as input for the disk calculations. The mouse-driven program offers graphing and printing capabilities.
Problem formulation and modeling are stressed in this book. Material is included on orthotropic materials, the conjugate-gradient method, 3-D frames, the frontal method, Guyan reduction, and contour plotting for quadrilaterals. Temperature effect and multipoint-constraint considerations are included for stress analysis in solids and are implemented in the accompanying computer programs. The disk includes QUICKBASIC source code programs, FORTRAN, and C versions. Example data files are shown.
The aim of this book is to explain the basic theory of spacecraft dynamics and control as well as the practical aspects of controlling a satellite. Emphasis is on analyzing and solving real-world engineering problems. For example, the book describes orbital and rotational dynamics of spacecraft under a variety of environmental conditions along with the realistic constraints imposed by available hardware. Topics include orbital dynamics, attitude dynamics, gravity gradient stabilization, single- and dual-spin stabilization, attitude maneuvers, attitude stabilization, and structural dynamics and liquid sloshing.
Real or potential boiling-heat-transfer behavior, in steady and transient states, is predicted. This graduate-level text examines progress that has been made in pool boiling and flow boiling, modeling of two-phase flow, evaluation of the forced-convection boiling crisis, experimentation at or near the boiling crisis, flow-instability research, heat transfer at temperatures above those at critical heat-flux conditions, and prediction of thethermal-hydraulic behavior of boiling devices. A survey of research on liquid-metal boiling is included. Applications to high-heat-flux equipment, such as nuclear reactors, are emphasized.
This book is intended to serve as a standard text for a junior-level engineering course in system dynamics. It includes information on mathematical modeling, analysis of dynamic systems, and computer simulation. Chapter subjects include complex variables, differential equations, and the Laplace transform; a review of linear algebra and matrix analysis; system-model representation and linearization; modeling techniques; time and frequency response and Fourier analysis; an introduction to mechanical vibrations; block diagrams and their use in model representation; and an introduction to control systems. The concepts of dominant poles and dominant time constants areincluded.
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© 1997 by The American Society of Mechanical Engineers